Gender Analysis

Roles and responsibilities

• What do women and men do?
• Where (location/patterns of mobility)
• When (daily and seasonal patterns)

• Productive roles: (paid work, self employment, subsistence production)
• Reproductive roles (domestic work, childcare, and care of the sick and elderly)
• Community participation and/or self help (voluntary work for the benefit of community as a whole)
• Community politics (decision making and/or representation on behalf of the community)

• Harvard Analytical Framework

Assets/Resources/ Opportunities

• What livelihood assets/resources/ opportunities do women and men have access to?
• What constraints do they face?

• Human: (eg reproductive health services, education)
• Natural: (eg land, water)
• Social: (eg institutions, organizations, civil society, social networks)
• Physical: (eg water supply and sanitation, housing, electricity
• Economic: (eg income, credit, labour, capital)

• Social Relations Framework (focus on distribution of resources)

Power and Decision Making

• What decisions do women and/or men participate in?
• What decision making do women and/or men usually control?
• What constraints do women and/or men face?

• Household level: (eg decisions over household expenditure)
• Community level: (eg decisions over management of community resources)

• Social Relations Framework (focus on distribution of responsibilities and power)
• Women’s Empowerment Framework (5 levels of equality useful in looking at power)

Needs, Priorities and perspectives

• What are women’s and men’s needs and priorities?
• What perspectives do they have on appropriate and sustainable ways of addressing their needs?

• ‘Practical’ gender needs: (in the context of existing roles and resources eg more convenient place to collect water)
• ‘Strategic’ gender needs: (requiring changes to existing roles and resources to create greater equality of opportunity and benefit).
• Experience and views on delivery systems: choice of technology, location, cost of services, systems of operation, management and maintenance etc

• Gender Planning Framework focuses on practical and strategic needs.